Visual acuity in preschool children of Yangpu District in Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the visual acuity condition of preschool children in Yangpu District of Shanghai, providing the basis for formulation of corresponding intervention measures for myopia. Methods The inspection equipment was the international standard logarithmic E-word visual acuity chart, and the Canon RK-F1 automatic computer optometry instrument.By using cross-sectional study and random cluster sampling method, a total of 1 415 preschool children in 5 kindergartens in Yangpu District were selected according to their ages and genders, and their visual acuity and refractive parameters were examined with the result being statistically analyzed. Results In preschool children of Yangpu District, their envisage rate was 80.4%, myopia rate 16.7% and hyperopia rate 2.9%.There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of envisage, myopia and hyperopia between different age groups (χ2=3.419, P=0.755) and different genders (χ2=2.433, P=0.296).The rate of poor vision for preschool children in Yangpu was 10.5%.There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of poor vision between different age groups (χ2=9.637, P=0.022) and different genders (χ2=4.191, P=0.041). Conclusion The visual acuity rate and myopia rate in preschool children are not optimistic and need further screening and early intervention.

Visual acuity in preschool children of Yangpu District in Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the visual acuity condition of preschool children in Yangpu District of Shanghai, providing the basis for formulation of corresponding intervention measures for myopia. Methods The inspection equipment was the international standard logarithmic E-word visual acuity chart, and the Canon RK-F1 automatic computer optometry instrument.By using cross-sectional study and random cluster sampling method, a total of 1 415 preschool children in 5 kindergartens in Yangpu District were selected according to their ages and genders, and their visual acuity and refractive parameters were examined with the result being statistically analyzed. Results In preschool children of Yangpu District, their envisage rate was 80.4%, myopia rate 16.7% and hyperopia rate 2.9%.There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of envisage, myopia and hyperopia between different age groups (χ2=3.419, P=0.755) and different genders (χ2=2.433, P=0.296).The rate of poor vision for preschool children in Yangpu was 10.5%.There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of poor vision between different age groups (χ2=9.637, P=0.022) and different genders (χ2=4.191, P=0.041). Conclusion The visual acuity rate and myopia rate in preschool children are not optimistic and need further screening and early intervention.

Quantitative detection of serum procollagen III N-terminal peptide chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) for quantitative detection of procollagen III N-terminal peptide (P III NP) in serum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A sandwich reaction was preformed with horseradish peroxidase labeled monoclonal antibody of P III NP as the catalytic enzyme and the luminol as the luminescence reagent. Several reactions liquid's concentration and reaction conditions were optimized. The method was evaluated in all aspects such as linear range, sensitivity, specificity, stability and so on. The CLEIA was compared with imported ELISA kits, by detecting clinical serum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The linear range was 0.8-85 ng/ml. The detection limit was 0.5 ng/ml. Inter-assay and intra-assay RSD were both less than 10%. The recoveries of three different spiked concentration samples were 96.2%, 91.2% and 101.1%. After stored at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C for 3, 5, 7 days, the analysis showed correlation coefficient higher than 0.99 and RSD lower than 6%. The detected results of clinical sera with CLEIA closely corresponded to those with imported ELISA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Established CLEIA for quantity determination of serum P III NP has high accuracy, sensitivity and repeatability.</p>

A 65-year-old man with infratentorial diffuse encephalopathy and hydrocephalus / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Tuberculous encephalopathy (TBE) is an important diagnosis in countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. TBE is a life-threatening condition but rarely reported in the modern literature. We reported a case of a man with extensive parenchymal lesions involving the brainstem and right cerebellar hemisphere that resolved after treatment. The clinical, laboratory and pathological features of this case are highlighted and the pathogenesis is discussed.

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of a new influenza A (HIN1) epidemic / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analysis the clinical and laboratory characteristics of Patients infected with new influenza A (HIN1) virus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All cases with new influenza A (H1N1) confirmed on polymerase chain reaction assay on throat swabs. There were included in a prospective evaluation of clinical characteristics, laboratory results, treatment and overcome of new influenza A (H1N1).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 35 patients in the epidemic. Clinical illness developed within a mean of 1.7 days. Fever occurred in 97.1%, sore throat 65.7% cough 51.4%, headache 28.6%, and myalgia 31.4%. All patients were treated with oseltamivir lasted 5 days. The mean duration of viral shedding was 4.5 days. All were cured and left hospital after day 7.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It was infected by new influenza A (H1N1) typically in this epidemic.</p>

Changes and analysis of peripheral white blood cells and lymphocyte subsets for patients with pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1) infection / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the characters and changes of peripheral white blood cells and lymphocyte subsets of patients with pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1) infection and to provide evidences for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of influenza A (H1N1) infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peripheral white blood cell parameters and the percentages of lymphocyte subsets in acute and recovery phases of 59 cases of influenza A virus (H1N1) infectious patients (42 mild cases and 17 severe cases) were investigated and analyzed, and compared respectively with those of 43 cases of healthy adults as control (HC) and 24 cases of general influenza A virus (no-H1N1) infectious using whole blood cell analysis and flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Peripheral white blood cell counts of mild cases decreased greatly but those of severe cases did not decrease significantly; the neutrophils of severe cases increased significantly in acute phase; similar to general influenza A virus (no-H1N1) infectious, the peripheral lymphocytes, CD3, CD4, CD8 and B cells of all patients with influenza A virus (H1N1) infection decreased greatly in acute phase and quickly recovered in recovery phase; NK and NKT cells absolute counts of severe cases decreased significantly in acute phase, and the decreasing extent of which were more than 20%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There were similar characteristics of change in peripheral white blood cells and lymphocyte subsets between patients with pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1) infection and general pandemic A virus (No-H1N1); the great decrease of NK and NKT cells absolute counts may suggest the severe tendency of diseases.</p>

Study of copper metabolism and liver damage in TX Mice-an animal model for liver disease / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide right time points in selection of right aged animals and the normal physiological data of TX mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>7-12 months old TX and DL mice were studied, each group contained 3 female and 3 male mice of TX or DL mice. The concentration of copper in the serum, dry tissues (liver, brain and kidney), together with copper biochemistry indexes were measured. The liver histopathology was observed under light microscopy and electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Transaminase increased significantly only in 10 and 11-month- old (AST(TX10) = 218.3 U/L, AST(TX11) = 197.5 U/L, AST(DL10) = 171.5 U/L, AST(DL11) = 165.0 U/L, P(10) less than 0.001, P(11) = 0.022), but the copper concentration of liver, brain and kidney was significantly increased during 7-12 month old (the average concentration of copper, Liver(TX) = (750.0 +/- 85.5) mg/kg, Brain(TX) = (39.7 +/- 2.2)mg/kg, Kidney(TX) = (29.8 +/- 5.0) mg/kg, Liver(DL) = (11.6 +/- 1.5) mg/kg, Brain(DL) = (16.8 +/- 0.9) mg/kg, Kidney(DL) = (14.2 +/- 1.0) mg/kg, t = 21.16, 23.60, 7.47, for all these organs P less than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TX mice is a suitable model of liver disease with natural recovery, so selecting animal model of suitable time point is very important.</p>

Establishment and evaluation of the diagnostic kit for anti-HIV1/2 antibody and P24 antigen / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish and evaluate an Enzyme Immunoassay diagnostic kit combined with anti-HIV1/2 antibody and P24 antigen for shortening the examination window period of HIV infection in HIV laboratory diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The enzyme-linked reaction plates was coated by anti-HIV P24 monoclonal antibody and HIV 1/2 antigen. Labeling HIV1/2 antigen and anti-HIV P24 polyclonal antibody with horseradish peroxidase, setup an integrated ELISA kit for detecting anti-HIV-1/2 antibody and HIV P24 antigen, and evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of this kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity of testing P24 antigen was up to 0.2 ng/ml. 78 serum samples of patients with AIDS, 85 serum samples of healthy people were compared with Abbott EIA kit, the coincidence was 100%. 12 051 sera from normal persons and patients were examined, the sensitivity of 100 %and specificity of 99.62 %, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The anti-HIV1/2 antibody and HIV P24 antigen can be measured at the same time using this EIA kit, while the examination window period of HIV infection is shortened. Thus, the method is suitable for laboratory diagnosis and epidemiological investigation.</p>